Theme IV  New industrial estates

1. Innovative construction concepts for business parks to maximise land use and promote sustainability
2. Guideline for commercial areas
3. Example of limiting light pollution
4. Small freight stations (as also theme II "Freight transport by rail")
5. Commercial areas in the 2nd level
6. Structural example for bridge buildings
7. 2050: Bridge buildings connect neighbourhoods
8. Truck parking on motorways (see theme V)
9. Public discussion of a planned industrial area
10. Calculation of tree values and replacement plantings
11. Topsoil is finite

Introduction
With the ever-increasing demand for commercial space and the limited space available, it is crucial to develop sustainable and innovative building concepts. This report presents innovative ideas for creating commercial areas in two levels with a bridge design to enable efficient use of limited space while preserving green areas.

Building concept
The proposed construction concept is to build another level above an existing commercial area. Bridge structures will be used to create another commercial area above the existing one. Light diffusers will be strategically integrated into the bridges to allow daylight down and create a pleasant working environment.
On- and off-ramps for trucks will be provided to access the upper levels. This ensures that the commercial units above can also be easily accessed. In addition, wide and future-proof segregated pedestrian and cycle paths are essential at all levels to ensure safety and comfort for pedestrians and cyclists.

Sustainability and green spaces
A crucial aspect of this building concept is the integration of large green spaces in the peripheral areas on both the upper and lower levels. These green spaces will be designed like small mountains to conceal the commercial facilities while creating an aesthetically pleasing environment. This will not only achieve efficient land use but also preserve sufficient green space.

Improving accessibility and mobility
To improve accessibility, the integration of accessible shuttle buses is crucial. These buses should connect businesses to the public transport system and provide reliable, weatherproof stops for employees. This encourages the use of public transport and reduces individual vehicle traffic.

Conclusion
The presented building concepts for business parks in two levels with bridge structures and integrated green spaces offer an innovative way to use limited space efficiently while creating a sustainable environment. Consideration of accessibility, efficient transport and sufficient green space helps to promote sustainable and future-oriented development. The implementation of these concepts requires careful planning, cooperation between different stakeholders and consideration of the needs of all parties involved.

A new "Guideline for Commercial Areas" has been produced within this framework, with many questions that should be answered. It provides essential help in assessing whether a commercial area is appropriate in this location.

Our light pollution by radiating light upwards disturbs and influences nature more and more. Therefore, here are the tips on how to do it with less light pollution.

The new freight stations or train formation facilities described cannot be built everywhere and the lorry should not have to travel so far, max. 50 km to the next freight station. Therefore, small simple freight stations are necessary. Building these small freight stations over the existing tracks or over a small passenger station saves a lot of space and facilitates lorry traffic by rail. In this way, sidings for truck traffic could also be made possible in rural areas.

Here are three videos of my own:

Video 3:

It is becoming increasingly difficult to meet the requirements for industrial estates. Furthermore, it is not justifiable today to destroy more farmland or other natural areas for industrial estates and the necessary compensation areas. It is becoming increasingly difficult to connect sufficient transport routes and more and more people are being affected by the individual traffic of employees and guests, local public transport (ÖPNV) and lorry traffic. Therefore, from an ecological point of view, we have to use our resources more sparingly.

This means that we have to use the space above the existing business parks. This is of course a challenge, but on the one hand, this space on the 2nd floor can also be sold or better leased and thus become more economical.

Here, two grand buildings bridging large areas.

Left: Pahlke Bad in Mönchengladbach Rheydt and right: Art Museum in Sao Paulo,

50 Years of Pahlkebad - Radio 90.1 (radio901.de)

(Art Museum in São Paulo, Brazil (thisismyhappiness.com)

Also included are the Philharmonie in Hamburg and the Bosch Garage in Stuttgart.

Attached is a design by the architects Jasper Architects showing how such bridge structures can connect residential quarters in a space-saving way and thus create new living space in the inner cities. In the same sense, commercial enterprises can also make better use of space and save ecologically valuable land. After all, space on earth is finite.The required traffic problems for these bridge buildings can be perfectly adapted with the rail-individual transport system. The lifts of the stops for barrier-free boarding and alighting are now led upwards, directly into these new buildings.

When assessing new building land, the value of nature must therefore be assessed accordingly and included in the calculation. Here are important values for these calculations:

Our topsoil is important and also finite. The Federal Environment Agency shows us why:

If you find any errors, we are grateful for any advice.